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What is ophthalmology?

Ophthalmology covers everything related to medical care of the eyes, namely anatomy, physiology and all the diseases associated with it and their treatments. Ophthalmologists are eye specialists who provide a wide range of clinical care, from contact lenses to corrective lenses, eye surgery and corneal transplantation.

Ophthalmology was the first medical discipline to offer professional accreditation, accepted as a standard of practice across all specialties.

Treatments

• Cataract Operation
• Glaucoma treatment
• Treatment of retinal detachment
• Pterygium surgery
• Laser eye surgery (LASIK)
• Cornea transplant

SPECIALIZATIONS OF OPHTHALMOLOGISTS

Although ophthalmologists are by definition highly qualified in terms of degrees, medical schools and internships, many choose to specialize in specific areas of the eye or in certain diseases. This typically includes:

• Anterior segment surgery involves the frontal third of the eye which includes several structures, including the iris, cornea and lens.
• Retinal ophthalmology covers the whole of retinal medicine and its treatments, from laser intervention to invasive surgery.
• The discipline of neuro-ophthalmology covers the nervous system related to visual problems, including optic neuritis and optic neuropathy.
• Ocular oncology covers tumors of the eye and surrounding tissue, including the eyebrows and eyelids.
• Oculoplastic surgery deals with surgical treatments to be performed on the eye socket, eyelid, tear ducts and face.
• Pediatric ophthalmology is concerned with the specialized treatment and study of eye disease, vision development and eye care in children.

COMMON EYE PROBLEMS

Eye health and vision are issues that affect everyone, especially as we age. Some frequently encountered problems are:

• Presbyopia, when the eye gradually loses its ability to focus on nearby objects or small printed characters. It happens naturally over the years, although it doesn’t get noticed until you are 40 years old.
• Tear duct problems often lead to dry eyes, when a good amount of tears are no longer produced. After consultation, a number of treatments are possible, including the use of a humidifier, drops, blocking the tear ducts and surgery.
• Cataracts are cloudy regions within the lens of the eye. Cataracts can form gradually without pain, however, if they get too large and damage eyesight, surgical removal is often necessary.